In this paper, high-profile journals, European public funding and the emerging technologies market are presented as connected arenas of expectations where anticipatory practices are performed. Those are ways by which these expectations are produced and circulated (e.g.: letters published in Nature, roadmaps, market forecasts, consultancy reports...). Authors propose a case study to describe the performative role of expectations in the emergence and governance of graphene as a techno-scientific field and how anticipatory practices shape them. They performed interviews of American and European actors to identify anticipatory practices, showing their different kinds of performativity (i.e.: the process by which statements and their world are co-produced):

• Publishing in high-impact journal is a practice that provides guidance to actors but also defines the graphene actor community, and frames graphene in terms of its socio-economic benefits;

• Roadmapping, which is an explicit anticipatory practice, shows a transformative performativity in which futures transform or change ideas about what the technology could be and has therefore more than a coordinating effect as it structures the field both at the discursive and actor levels.

• Anticipating markets for graphene is orchestrated by companies and consultancy firms entering the field, both benefiting from the hype and making sense of it. They therefore constitute another arena by creating the market and specifying the products.

This case study shows that anticipatory practices shape arenas and connect them thanks to expectations they generate or because practices can be translated from an arena to another, like roadmaps having more than a coordinating effect and providing legitimacy to market actors.

As a conclusion, authors anticipate further research on specific performative effects of anticipatory practices will offer a normative perspective to evaluate them.